annamorgandance. (2025). [Instagram post, 7 February] [Instagram]. Available at: https://www.instagram.com/annamorgandance/p/DKXskWloNts/ [Accessed: 24/02/2025].

Anderson, E. and The Editors of Encyclopaedia Britannica. (no date). Contemporary attitudes toward homosexuality. Encyclopædia Britannica. Available at: https://www.britannica.com/topic/homophobia/Contemporary-attitudes-toward-homosexuality [Accessed: 24/02/2025].

AWA DANCE. (2025). Leadership Gender Balance in the UK Dance Sector: Research Report March 2025. Available at: https://drive.google.com/drive/folders/1O18WGFQYMQHIkgInpAqxTUR_j3XQTFN2 [Accessed: 24/02/2025].

Barbour, R.S. (2010). ‘Focus groups’, in I. Bourgeault, R. Dingwall and R. de Vries (eds.) The Sage Handbook of Qualitative Health Research. London: Sage, pp. 327–352.

Bauer, C. (2024). ‘Leroy Mokgatle lives her dream at Staatsballett Berlin’, Dance Magazine, 1 December. Available at: https://www.dancemagazine.com/leroy-mokgatle/ [Accessed: 24/02/2025].

Bell, L. (1987). ‘Hearing all our voices: Applications of feminist pedagogy to conferences, speeches, and panel presentations’, Women’s Studies Quarterly, 15(3/4), pp. 74–80.Burt, R. (2007) The Male Dancer: Bodies, Spectacle, Sexualities. 2nd edn. London: Routledge.

Braun, V. and Clarke, V. (2006) ‘Using thematic analysis in psychology’, Qualitative Research in Psychology, 3(2), pp. 77–101. https://doi.org/10.1191/1478088706qp063oa

Clegg, H., Owton, H. and Allen-Collinson, J. (2017). ‘Challenging conceptions of gender: UK dance teachers’ perceptions of boys and girls in the ballet studio’, Research in Dance Education, 19(2), pp. 128–139.

Clements, L. and Nordin-Bates, S.M. (2020). ‘Inspired or inhibited? Choreographers’ views on how classical ballet training shaped their creativity’, Journal of Dance Education, pp. 1–12. doi: 10.1080/15290824.2020.1744154.

Crumley, A. (2025). Dismantling gender norms in Ballet leadership (with Anna Morgan) (Conversations with the Ballet Educator, Episode 2, 4 May) [podcast]. Available at: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=ClKKeBgMONI [Accessed: 24/02/2025].

Dance Data Project. (2024). English Speaking Company 2023/2024 Season Programming Report. Available at: https://ddp-wordpress.storage.googleapis.com/wp-content/uploads/2024/01/25111203/2024-English-Speaking-Country-2023-2024-Season-Programming-Report.pdf [Accessed: 24/02/2025].

Dance Data Project. (2025). Global Leadership Report 2025. Available at: https://ddp-wordpress.storage.googleapis.com/wp-content/uploads/2025/03/31141955/Global-Leadership-Report-2025.pdf [Accessed: 24/02/2025].

DeFrank-Cole, L. and Nicholson, R.K. (2016). ‘The slow-changing face of leadership in ballet: An interdisciplinary approach to analysing women’s roles’, Leadership and the Humanities, 4(2), pp. 73–91. doi: 10.4337/lath.2016.02.01.

Ezrahi, C. (2012). Swans of the Kremlin: Ballet and Power in Soviet Russia. Pittsburgh: University of Pittsburgh Press.

English National Ballet. (2016). She Said: Tamara Rojo Interview | English National Ballet [YouTube video]. Available at: https://youtu.be/Ri1Xs8-Wca8 [Accessed: 24/02/2025].

Exley, C.L. and Kessler, J.B. (2019). The gender gap in self-promotion. NBER Working Paper No. 26345. Cambridge, MA: National Bureau of Economic Research. Available at: http://www.nber.org/papers/w26345 [Accessed: 24/02/2025].

Fisher, J. (2009) ‘Maverick Men in Ballet – Rethinking the “Making It Macho” Strategy’, in Fisher, J. and Shay, A. (eds.) When Men Dance: Choreographing Masculinities Across Borders. Oxford: Oxford University Press, pp. 31–45.

Freire, P. (1973). Pedagogy of the Oppressed. New York: Seabury Press.

Garafola, L. (1985) ‘The Travesty Dancer in Nineteenth-Century Ballet’, Dance Research Journal, 17(2), pp. 35–40.

Garafola, L. (1999) ‘Reconfiguring the Sexes’ L. Garafola and N. Van Norman Baer (eds) The Ballet Russes and its World New Haven, CT, Yale University Press.

Homans, J. (2010) Apollo’s Angels: A History of Ballet. London: Granta.

hooks, b. (1994). Teaching to Transgress: Education as the Practice of Freedom. New York: Routledge.

Imperial Society of Teachers of Dancing. (2022). Supporting inclusivity in the studio. Available at: https://www.istd.org/discover/news/supporting-inclusivity-in-the-studio/ [Accessed: 24/02/2025].

Kelly, C. (2015). ‘Dancing up the glass escalator: Institutional advantages for men in ballet choreography’, Columbia Undergraduate Research Journal, 2, doi: 10.52214/curj.v2i1.4113.

Kettley-Linsell, H., Sandford, R., and Coates, J. (2022). 'Negotiating gender performances in physical education and school sport: Gender diversity and inclusive practices', in G. Witcomb and E. Peel (eds.) Gender Diversity and Sport: Interdisciplinary Perspectives. London: Routledge, pp. 97–116. doi: 10.4324/9781003050568-6.

Kirkland, G. and Lawrence, G. (1986). Dancing on My Grave. London: Penguin Books.

Krueger, R.A. (2002). Designing and Conducting Focus Group Interviews. St. Paul, MN: University of Minnesota. Available at: [Contact author or university repository] [Accessed: 24/02/2025].

Masadeh, M.A. (2012). ‘Focus group: Reviews and practices’, International Journal of Applied Science and Technology, 2(10), pp. 63–68. Available at: https://www.researchgate.net/publication/313399085 [Accessed: 24/02/2025].

Meglin, J.A. and Brooks, L.M. (2012). ‘Where are all the women choreographers in ballet?’, Dance Chronicle, 35(1), pp. 1–7.

Norman, N. (2015). Tamara Rojo: ‘I became a dancer because I needed to disappear’. The Stage, 18 December. Available at: https://www.thestage.co.uk/features/tamara-rojo-i-became-a-dancer-because-i-needed-to-disappear [Accessed: 24/02/2025].

Pascoguin, G. (2021). Swan Dive: The Making of a Rogue Ballerina. New York: Henry Holt and Company.

Polasek, K. M. and Roper, E. A. (2011) ‘Negotiating the Gay Male Stereotype in Ballet and Modern Dance’, Research in Dance Education, 12(2), pp. 173–193.

Risner, D. (2014) ‘Bullying Victimisation and Social Support of Adolescent Male Dance Students: An Analysis of Findings’, Research in Dance Education, 15(2), pp. 179–201.

Rojo, T. (no date). Biography Tamara Rojo. Available at: https://www.tamara-rojo.com/biography/ [Accessed: 24/02/2025].

The Rudolf Nureyev Foundation. (no date). 1961 – Rudolf Nureyev defects to the West. Available at: https://nureyev.org/rudolf-nureyev-biography/defects-to-the-west-1961 [Accessed: 24/02/2025].

The Rudolf Nureyev Foundation. (no date). Rudolf Nureyev and Margot Fonteyn, the perfect partnership. Available at: https://nureyev.org/rudolf-nureyev-biography/perfect-partnership-margot-fonteyn/ [Accessed: 24/02/2025].

Sloan, C. (2025). Where are the women? Addressing the leadership gap in Ballet with Anna Morgan (The Brainy Ballerina podcast, Episode 36, 27 January) [podcast]. Available at: https://open.spotify.com/episode/0JOU9WXOufeX2tc2Iog4wn [Accessed: 24/02/2025].

Stinson, S.W. (2005). ‘The hidden curriculum of gender in dance education’, Journal of Dance Education, 5(2), pp. 51–57. doi: 10.1080/15290824.2005.10387285.

Turobov, A., Coyle, D., & Harding, V. (2024). Using ChatGPT for thematic analysis. Bennett Institute for Public Policy. https://doi.org/10.17863/CAM.108401

U.S. Bureau of Labor Statistics. (2023). Dancers and choreographers. Occupational Outlook Handbook. Available at: https://www.bls.gov/ooh/entertainment-and-sports/dancers-and-choreographers.htm [Accessed: 24/02/2025].

Webb, L., Allen, M.W. and Walker, K.L. (2002). ‘Feminist pedagogy: Identifying basic principles’, Academic Exchange Quarterly, 6, pp. 67–72.

Wirth, L.M. (2022). Cultural, political, and choreographic developments of feminism in classical ballet. Honours thesis, Butler University.

Women’s Media Center. (2019). The ballet world is still male-dominated, research shows. Available at: https://womensmediacenter.com/news-features/the-ballet-world-is-still-male-dominated-research-shows [Accessed: 24/02/2025].